摘要
目的 本研究基于社会支持理论、压力应对理论与心理韧性理论，构建了一个以心理韧性为中介的整合模型，旨在考察家庭支持对失能老人生活满意度的作用路径。方法 采用横断面问卷调查法（家庭支持量表、Connor-Davidson心理韧性量表简版及生活满意度指数B量表），对华东地区某三座城市的452名社区居家失能老人及其主要家庭照顾者进行了配对调查。结果 （1）家庭支持、心理韧性及生活满意度三者间均呈显著正相关（r值在0.42-0.58之间，P<0.001）。（2）在控制年龄、性别、失能程度等协变量后，家庭支持不仅能直接正向预测生活满意度（β=0.36,P<0.001），还能通过心理韧性的中介作用产生间接影响，中介效应值为0.18，占总效应的33.3%。结论 家庭支持是提升失能老人生活满意度的关键保护性因素，而心理韧性在其中扮演了重要的中介角色，通过“外部支持”与“内在力量”的双重赋能，方能更有效地促进其积极老龄化。
关键词： 失能老人；家庭支持；心理韧性；生活满意度；中介作用
Abstract
Objective This study constructs an integrated model mediated by psychological resilience based on social support theory, stress coping theory and psychological resilience theory, aiming to examine the mechanism of family support on life satisfaction of disabled elderly. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey (family support scale, Connor-Davidson psychological resilience scale abbreviated version and life satisfaction index B scale) was conducted on 452 disabled elderly people living at home in three cities in East China and their main family caregivers. Results (1) There were significant positive correlations among family support, psychological resilience and life satisfaction (r values were between 0.42 and 0.58, P < 0.001). (2) After controlling for covariates such as age, gender, and degree of disability, family support not only directly and positively predicted life satisfaction (β=0.36, P < 0.001), but also indirectly influenced life satisfaction through the mediating effect of psychological resilience, with a mediation effect value of 0.18, accounting for 33.3% of the total effect. Conclusion Family support is a key protective factor for improving life satisfaction among disabled elderly people, and psychological resilience plays an important mediating role. Only through the dual empowerment of “external support” and “internal strength” can their active aging be more effectively promoted.
Key words： Disabled elderly people; Family support; Psychological resilience; Life satisfaction; Mediating effect
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