Depression cognitive mechanisms of language comprehension impairment in college students: a theoretical reconstruction based on attention and inhibitory control broussonetia papyrifera
抑郁大学生言语理解障碍的认知机制：基于注意与抑制控制的理论重构

摘要

抑郁大学生言语理解障碍的认知机制研究揭示了注意与抑制控制功能在语言信息加工中的核心作用。通过分析陕西省大学生抑郁群体的流行病学特征，研究发现抑郁情绪通过损害前额叶-边缘系统的功能连接，导致注意资源分配失调和抑制控制功能缺陷。这种认知损伤表现为初级听觉信息接收不完整、语义整合效率降低以及负性解释偏向增强。研究构建了抑郁、认知衰退、沟通障碍的恶性循环模型，指出神经可塑性的改变是症状持续的关键因素。在干预层面，提出了基于音乐治疗的认知靶向性训练方案，强调节奏性刺激对注意功能的修复作用和双重任务对抑制控制的强化效果。该研究为理解抑郁相关言语障碍提供了新的理论框架，并为开发精准干预策略指明了方向。

Abstract

The study on the cognitive mechanisms of speech comprehension impairment in college students with depression reveals the central role of attention and inhibitory control functions in language information processing. Through an analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of the depression population among college students in Shaanxi Province, the research found that depressive emotions impair functional connectivity in the prefrontal-limbic system, leading to dysregulated allocation of attentional resources and deficits in inhibitory control. Such cognitive impairments manifest as incomplete reception of primary auditory information, reduced efficiency in semantic integration, and enhanced negative interpretation bias. The study established a vicious cycle model of "depression-cognitive decline-communication impairment," highlighting altered neuroplasticity as a key factor in symptom persistence. At the intervention level, a music therapy-based cognitive-targeted training program was proposed, emphasizing the restorative effects of rhythmic stimulation on attentional function and the reinforcement of inhibitory control through dual-task paradigms. This research provides a new theoretical framework for understanding depression-related speech disorders and points the way toward developing precise intervention strategies.